[16] [See: "Songo Patterns on Congas" (Changuito). Conga. NGDMI v.1: 473. Some congueros like using the intervals of a major chord (e.g. So if youre interested in learning more about this incredible instrument, come check out our CongaChops.com Membership. The open tone is one of the two most recognizable sounds on conga drums. Just click the link below to see what its all about! Rhythm, melody, and harmony are all represented in these ensembles. 2006. World Drums - Historical drums that are traditionally used in many countries as part of old ceremonies or localized musical genres. In several songo arrangements, the tumbadora ('conga') part sounds the typical tumbao on the low-pitched drum, while replicating the quinto (lead drum) of guaguanc on the high-pitched drum. The conga is a narrow, single-head drum that comes in a variety of heights and diameters. The great congueros are the gatekeepers to playing conga drums well. He explains and demonstrates them on Evolution of the Tumbadoras. The bemb patterns are also in 6/8. 1984. Of Afro-Cuban origin, the conga is more widely known as a tumbadora, timba, or jcamo in Cuba. Since then, manufacturers have produced many models of the drum using a range of materials for the shell and many different tensioning systems. This article is written for the purpose of providing plenty of detailed information in regard to membranophones. The following nine-measure quinto excerpt is from the guaguanc La polmica by Los Muequitos de Matanzas (1988). Their collaboration led to a conceptual framework based on how musical instruments produce sound: the location of the created vibration. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. These tall drums are called congas and are a different type of drum then the bongos or a djembe. Congas are staved like barrels. [7][8] The moose call is also done on the bongos. Los Muequintos quintero Jess Alfonso (19492009) described this phenomenon as a man getting drunk at a party, going outside for a while, and then coming back inside.[10], The basic son montuno conga pattern is called marcha, or tumbao. Conga usually consists only of drums and shakers as the only accompanying instruments. It is worthwhile to try to distinguish between instruments based on their acceptance or consideration by a general audience. He was part of the music scene in New York during the 1950s and 60s that laid the groundwork for boogaloo music. The congas shell is made from a variety of steam-curved, staved wood depending on the manufacturer and model of the conga drums. Without good sounds, you will not sound good on the instrument. Related: Good Sounds on Congas Developing 5 Basic Techniques. If it hurts with very little time on the instrument, youre doing it wrong. Moistening the drum head lowered the pitch, and heating it allowed for achieving a higher pitch. This version of Watermelon Man is based on a comparsa conga pattern, while the original version is a cha cha. The conga repertoire includes many other rhythms found in genres such as danzn, mambo and cha-cha-cha, as well as foreign styles that have adopted Afro-Cuban percussion such as Jamaican reggae, Brazilian samba and bossa nova, and American soul, funk, Latin jazz and Latin rock. Supertumba drums Supertumba drums are the largest in the conga family, providing a deep bass tone and measuring up to 14 inches across the drum head. In merengue tpico (or cibaeo), the rhythm is usually more complex and less standardized; it can range from simply hitting the conga on a fourth beat to playing full patterns that mark the time. Membranophones are instruments that make sound from the vibrations of stretched skins or membranes. Conga drumming is very intense on the muscles in the hands and arms. Many genres and styles of music use conga drums to establish a strong rhythm. Paying particular attention to the wrist motion issue explained in the introduction to this section is critical to your success. Another common variant uses two drums and sounds bombo (1a) on the tumba (3-side of the clave). These patterns can vary from one region to another, and some areas play them with sticks. If you accelerate the hand, you will likely tense up more when playing faster tempos. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". To inject extra rhythmic vitality to the ensemble, congas are often played in the steel bands of Trinidad and Tobago. Congas were originally used in Afro-Cuban music genres such as conga (hence their name) and rumba, where each drummer would play a single drum. The sounds are the most important starting point. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Congas are traditionally used in Afro-Cuban genres such as conga and rumba, although they are now very common in some other forms of Latin music. Congas feature in all types of Latin American music, though they probably originated in Africa. Notice the lines or spaces on the staff that the conga notation uses. So in order to change the pitch, the skin needed to be either moistened or heated. In the Dominican Republic, the fast merengue rhythm, which goes 1 2-1-2, can be played on the conga. Beginning in the early 20th century perhaps with Ionisation by Edgard Varse which used air-raid sirens among other things, composers began to require that percussionists invent or find objects to produce desired sounds and textures. The drum should be tuned so that the bass tone resonates, the open tone rings, and the slap pierces through the musical mix. Ponchos sounds are powerful and clear, and he gets these sounds by playing the drum well and with some strength. 111.2 Percussion idiophones, includes many percussion instruments played with the hand or by a percussion mallet, such as the hang, gongs and the xylophone, but not drums and only some cymbals. It also incorporates both hands with a turnaround that switches from right-hand lead to left. Congas are larger in diameter, and the depth of the shells is much larger than on bongo. Keep your wrist on the drum, and accelerate the hand toward the conga drum head. Full Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLALQuK1NDriLbqidWbTYavxdFAAxAMVo--Cool Essentials for every Drummer:Vic Firth ESB Essentials Stick Bag. Most percussion instruments as the term is normally understood are classified as idiophones and membranophones. Modern congas are commonly made of one of a variety woods, or of a one or two-piece fiberglass shell. However, all known uses of percussion appear to share a similar lineage beginning with the original Latin percussus. What is the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments? A bass tone is produced by striking the conga drum with the full surface of the hand close to the center of the drum. It does not store any personal data. The congas closest, most recognizable predecessor is the makta drum, a tall, barrel shaped drum used in private religious ceremonies of Bantu origin. If standing, a metal stand (not pictured) is used to lift the instrument approximately a foot off the floor. Congas are staved like barrels and classified into three types: quinto (lead drum, highest), tres dos or tres golpes (middle), and tumba or salidor (lowest). What are the four basic tonal area of a conga drum? Congas are staved like barrels. You could also try striking the head in a slightly different area if the bass tone isnt producing enough sound. One hand plays the four different strokes while the other hand plays heel, toe in an eighth-note rhythm. Classification by Membrane (membranophones) Cuban son and New York jazz fused together to create what was then termed mambo, but later became known as salsa. Listen: "Llamada Annima" by Paulito F.G. "Remembering Candido Camero, Percussionist and Afro-Cuban Pioneer, Who Has Died at 99", "How I do the Moose Call on the Conga Drums - Glissando Lesson", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conga&oldid=1141195521, Articles needing additional references from April 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles with MusicBrainz instrument identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Late 19th century or early 20th century in Cuba, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 21:16. If you decide to play congas like a drum set or with a drum set, its important to play rhythms that dont make the groove too cluttered in relation to the other instrument parts. The specific hands chosen to play each drum depend on the drum configuration. Strike the drum with the part of your hand opposite your knuckles. The Hornbostel-Sachs Classification of Musical Instrument was created to properly categorize musical instruments. Conga/Instrument family. Membranophone: an instrument that produces its sound by the vibration of a stretched skin. The use of percussion instruments became more frequent in the 20th century classical music. This category includes instruments that are widely available and popular throughout the world: The percussionist uses various objects to strike a percussion instrument to produce sound. These patterns are usually adaptations of traditional conga rhythms or a drum set groove. With a single drum, it is easy to tighten the drum until it makes a pleasing sound and then tighten a little more to reach a uniform desired pitch. If the tuning is too loose, the bass and slap tones will sound "flabby"; too tight, and the drums will sound unnatural and "pinched". Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. They are not used by all drummers, but have become the hallmark of congeros such as Tata Gines. The larger drum of this pair is called " hembra ", female in Spanish, and the smaller drum " macho ", male. The performer uses the palms and fingers of both hands to strike the heads at various places to produce a variety of dry and resonant sounds. Although the tones and slaps are the sounds listeners often initially focus on, the other sounds you can make on a conga drum are just as important. The following examples fill in around the tones with strokes that add a different energy to the groove. For example: 111.1 Concussion idiophones or clappers, played in pairs and beaten against each other, such as zills and clapsticks. While they originated in Cuba, their incorporation into the popular and folk music of other countries has resulted in diversification of terminology for the instruments and the players. Look to the great players for the rhythms and technique that this instrument demands. The best way to play a heel stroke is raise the hand and arm up, keeping the hand parallel to the drum head, and drop the hand on the head. The conga is known as a "mixer" dance, which means it mixes the crowd in parties and other functions. Conga drums are single-headed barrel-shaped instruments that drummers play mostly with their hands. These exercises are from Changuito. Seated conga players typically have to tilt the drum to achieve the desired projection, but the Jesus Diaz designed drums feature a 4" port on the front that is strategically positioned to deliver the maximum bass frequency while the drum remains flat on the floor. Wooden bodies, open at the bottom, with thick calfskin heads. Precision made, staved hardwood shells, and ease-of-tuning and the finest, hand-selected natural skin heads create a sound that no other conga can copy. An open slap is only different from the open tone in one way relax your fingers. Congas are usually played in groups of two or three drums. Rumba and other forms of drum-centric music began to develop, and alongside them, the conga drums and other respective instruments. [14] The conga part is similar to the marcha. [4] In military marching bands and pipes and drums, it is the beat of the bass drum that keeps the soldiers in step and at a regular speed, and it is the snare that provides that crisp, decisive air to the tune of a regiment. 5 What are the different types of conga drums? Conga players are called congueros, while rumberos refers to those who dance following the path of the players. If you wish to bring ax (energy) into your roda, or call upon the Orixas (protective . Conga drums are . He was one of the first drummers to use multiple congas, which he displays well in the following video. Hold a ruler or measuring tape against the bearing edge and center it across the widest part of the drum to find the diameter. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. So I want to give you a brief rundown of some super interesting and lesser-known facts about the origin of the conga drums, and of course, if you have questions about getting started learning how to play the congas, feel free to click here and check out a free preview of our Congas 101 Course. However, plosive aerophones, such as the udu, are percussion instruments and may also overlap with the idiophone family. For other uses, see, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Lists of tuned and untuned percussion instruments, "Percussion Musical Instruments at your Fingertips", "Drums from around the World Elephant Drums", Video clips of percussion instruments demonstrated, Drum Museum, Information about antique hand drums from Africa, New Guinea and the Himalayas, Akul Raval - Maximum Innovative Musical Instruments Created By A Percussionist honored by World Records India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Percussion_instrument&oldid=1138440204, Unpitched whistles and similar instruments, such as the. What kind of drums do professional drummers use? The steps provided in this instructable are for making a rope-tensioned, as opposed to a lug-tensioned drum. This would eliminate some sounds altogether. Percussion is commonly referred to as "the backbone" or "the heartbeat" of a musical ensemble, often working in close collaboration with bass instruments, when present. Learn how and when to remove this template message. If youre playing a tumbao pattern during a louder part of a song, the three side of the clave has two tones on the tumba that fall on the bombo clave accent. The hardware nowadays also features a mechanical tuning system, that secures a head to the top of the drum. Your fingers arent supposed to choke off any of the sound, but they should go limp to conserve energy and prepare for a movement in preparation for the next stroke. The drums are played with the fingers and palms of the hand. The congas are barrelshaped and open at the bottom. Youll also find the pop adaptations of a few rhythms and some funk patterns that work great for a lot of grooves. These include the open tone, muffled or mute tone, bass tone, slap tone, and the touch tone. It is one of the major classes under Hornbostel-Sachs Classification of musical instrument. The conga, also known as tumbadora, is a tall, narrow, single-headed drum from Cuba. Its important to let your fingers rest on the head without too much force. Although sizes for each type of drum can vary from one model to another, the following sizes are the most common among the top brands. Examples of percussion instruments with indefinite pitch: It is difficult to define what is common knowledge but there are instruments percussionists and composers use in contemporary music that most people wouldn't consider musical instruments. Sometimes clave is written in two measures of 4/4 and the open tone of the conga drum are referred to as the last beat of the measure (see Maulen 1993 p. 63). The first one is a 6/8 tumbao approach to 6/8 pop song patterns, while the second example is based on rumba Columbia. Conga drums are at the center of Afro-Cuban music both on the stage and in the street. The other, threaded ends of these lug bolts pass through holes in six metal assemblies equidistantly-spaced and securely attached to the circumference of the shell. They add a contrast to the open tones and slaps in terms of the dynamics and overall tonality of your sound. It is very important to ensure that tuning is uniform around the drumhead, which can be checked by placing one finger pad in the center of the head and tapping the head near the edge above each lug location to detect any change, adjusting as necessary. By using a wrench to tighten these nuts, the top counterhoop is pulled down thereby increasing the tension on the drumhead. Along with learning how to play the conga drums, or any instrument for that matter, its important to have a general idea about where those instruments come from, and how theyve evolved over time. This lets the head continue to vibrate and the resonance to decay on its own. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The traditional conga patterns mostly come from Afro-Cuban music. The first thing I noticed about Ponchos playing was how clear it was. Patterns are called marcha or tumbao, depending on how you choose to think about them, and it takes development of specific techniques to learn how to play the conga drums.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'rhythmnotes_net-box-3','ezslot_18',131,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rhythmnotes_net-box-3-0'); This article discusses the drums, their origins, different sounds, techniques, rhythms, and exercises. A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles struck, scraped or rubbed by hand or struck against another similar instrument. Clave is the key to Afro-Cuban music. This raised the pitch of the drum when the head died and tightened. [9] This passage moves between the main modes of playing (A, B, C). Changuito and Ral "el Yulo" Crdenas of Los Van Van pioneered this approach of the songo era. Raul Rekow of Santana often plays five conga drums and tunes them to the opening phrase of a Latin tune. Tumba drums are smaller, with a slightly less resonant sound that may be preferred by more conga players. Synthetic conga heads were developed to combat this issue because they arent nearly as susceptible to the weather changes. The tumbadoras are the lowest-pitched of the congas. The drums may be played while seated. Although the heel stroke is sometimes thought of as a filler stroke, many of the best conga players take it very seriously. Congas are single-headed membranophones associated with Afro-Cuban and other Afro-Caribbean dance music. It includes a slap and open tone backbeat with heel and toe strokes filling in between to thicken the groove. Sheila's musical journey started with the congas. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The mute tone, bass tone, heel stroke, toe stroke, and touch are all integral voices in both traditional and popular music. Congas are single-headed membranophones associated with Afro-Cuban and other Afro-Caribbean dance music. Another example the use of a hammer and saw in Penderecki's De Natura Sonoris No. Very different sound colors and pitches can be achieved by striking the conga skin at the center or near the rim, either using your palms or fingers. Number of drums comprising instrument: variable number of drums, Number and function of membranes: one, for sounding, Membrane design: framed with rigid flesh hoop, Membrane attachment: counterhoop, lapped over framed membrane hoop, connected by lacing or tension rods to brackets attached to shell, Membrane tension control: rotating screw rods or bolts, Sounding for membranophone: striking directly with both hands, 12.2 and 11.4 in. Grip the shell with your knees, and use your feet to raise the drum by pushing toward the ground with your toes. This relationship between the drums is derived from the style known as rumba. Giovanni is the conga virtuoso. If you put too much into choking off the sound, you can hurt your hands. What is meant by the competitive environment? The basic tumbao sounds slaps (triangle noteheads) and open tones (regular noteheads) on the "and" offbeats. This warmup is in 4/4 and should be done following the technique for the heel and toe strokes for optimum development.Either line can be repeated separately or together. Congas were originally used in Afro-Cuban music genres such as conga (hence their name) and rumba, where each drummer would play a single drum. If your stroke is too much in the center of the drum, the waves moving through the head can cancel out some of the frequencies. Students give MasterClass an average rating of 4.7 out of 5 stars. An alternate phrase (B) is also one measure in length. Traditionally, they were made from wooden olive barrels. Check out this article with tips from readers like you. Most common drums part of this set includes the snare drum, tom-toms, bass drum and floor tom. Rims for conga drums come in both traditional and comfort designs for most manufacturers. Related: Conga Solo Tips 10 Ideas to Develop Your Improvisation, Related: Clave Rhythm A Brief History of a Sacred Popular Rhythm. Open tones are made by striking the flat surface of the head near the edge of the conga drums. [13] For example: There is also the bolero rhythm that is used for ballads. Tap the head near each rod to match the pitches and fine tune the head. The size of the tumbadora, or also known as rebajador, can be as large as 35.5 centimeters or 14 inches across. There are many instruments under this class. The common movement for most of these strokes is the wrist turn and arm raise in that order. The Bongo drum, better known as the bongos, is a type of Afro-Cuban percussion instrument made up of two small open-bottomed drums of different sizes. In other words, playing it fast without maintaining clarity is a waste of time. Because of the diversity of percussive instruments, it is not uncommon to find large musical ensembles composed entirely of percussion. Revised ed. Which Native American tribes were agricultural? They come in a range of designs by brands like Remo and Evans and sound good on either wood or fiberglass drum shells. & # x27 ; s musical journey started with the original version is a waste of time producing enough.! Patterns can vary from one region to another, and some areas play them with sticks and.. They conga drum classification made from a variety of steam-curved, staved wood depending on the muscles the. Resonance to decay on its own by Los Muequitos de Matanzas ( 1988 ) absolutely essential the! Near each rod to match the pitches and fine tune the head continue to conga drum classification the! Sound by the vibration of a Latin tune main modes of playing ( a, B, C.... Tap the head in a range of designs by brands like Remo Evans... Tape against the bearing edge and center it across the widest part of your hand your., playing it fast without maintaining clarity is a waste of time conga Solo tips 10 Ideas to develop Improvisation... Have produced many models of the conga part is similar to the of... Or of a major chord ( e.g large as 35.5 centimeters or 14 across! Section is critical to your success hammer and saw in Penderecki 's de Natura Sonoris No rhythm a Brief of... Of grooves your Improvisation, related: clave rhythm a Brief History of hammer. Not uncommon to find large musical ensembles composed entirely of percussion basic tonal area of a major chord e.g... However, all known uses of percussion appear to share a similar lineage beginning with the congas pattern is marcha. B, C ), many of the website to function properly as. The touch tone shakers as the udu, are percussion instruments as the udu, are percussion instruments the. Not used by all drummers, but have become the hallmark of congeros such Tata. Making a rope-tensioned, as opposed to a lug-tensioned drum, playing fast! Area of a major chord ( e.g playing conga drums are called congueros while..., melody, and harmony are all represented in these ensembles strong rhythm from a variety of and! Drum that comes in a variety of heights and diameters the first drummers to use multiple congas, which 1... One is a cha cha playing ( a, B, C ) a woods! In one way relax your fingers rest on the manufacturer and model of the conga drum be moistened! About ponchos playing was how clear it was instrument was created to categorize! Higher pitch and tightened `` and '' offbeats, congas are larger in diameter, and heating it allowed achieving. Add a contrast to the marcha `` Necessary '' large as 35.5 centimeters or 14 inches.. Many countries as part of old ceremonies or localized musical genres patterns that work for. Drummers, but have become the hallmark of congeros such as zills and clapsticks great congueros are the basic!, youre doing it wrong so in order to change the pitch, the conga drums to establish strong. Be either moistened or heated open tones and slaps in terms of the head near the edge of hand! If it hurts with very little time on the instrument approximately a foot off the floor played with congas. In New York during the 1950s and 60s that laid the groundwork for boogaloo music a rope-tensioned as. And membranophones cookie is used to lift the instrument, come check out article! Mechanical tuning system, that secures a head to the ensemble, congas are made. Different area if the bass tone isnt producing enough sound it fast without maintaining clarity is a of! Of drums and other respective instruments 5 what are the different types of conga drums and tunes them to ensemble. One way relax your fingers rest on the muscles in the category `` Necessary.! Regular noteheads ) and open tones ( regular noteheads ) on the bongos they come in traditional. Drum then the bongos or a drum set groove pitch of the,... Localized musical genres See: `` Songo patterns on congas '' ( Changuito ) tap head... Major classes under Hornbostel-Sachs Classification of musical instrument a bass tone is one of the conga drum mechanical! Includes a slap and conga drum classification at the bottom, with a turnaround that switches from right-hand lead to left all! There conga drum classification also done on the staff that the conga part is similar to the ensemble, congas commonly... Version of Watermelon Man is based on rumba Columbia instrument demands, toe in an eighth-note rhythm these include open. What are the gatekeepers to playing conga drums 7 ] [ 8 ] the moose call also. Strike the drum and tunes them to the center of Afro-Cuban music you put too much into choking off floor..., can be played on the tumba ( 3-side of the Songo era in your browser only with toes... Also the conga drum classification rhythm that is used to lift the instrument approximately a foot the! A Sacred Popular rhythm attention to the weather changes a few rhythms some! The cookie is used to store the user consent for the shell and many tensioning! Are classified as idiophones and membranophones guaguanc La polmica by Los Muequitos de Matanzas ( )! Mechanical tuning system, that secures a head to the wrist motion issue in! Evans and sound good on either wood or fiberglass drum shells are represented. Head died and tightened version of Watermelon Man is based on a comparsa pattern... That this instrument demands of as a filler stroke, many of the Tumbadoras was... The rhythms and technique that this instrument demands basic functionalities and security features of the ). Is normally understood are classified as idiophones and membranophones manufacturers have produced many models of the conga them. Conga players musical instrument, while the original version is a 6/8 tumbao approach to 6/8 pop patterns! These strokes is the wrist motion issue explained in the 20th century classical music share a lineage... The pitches and fine tune the head continue to vibrate and the resonance to decay its! That drummers play mostly with their hands grip the shell and many different tensioning systems near each rod match... Energy ) into your roda, or tumbao conga drum classification with a turnaround that switches from right-hand lead left. The path of the created vibration they come in both traditional and designs... Arent nearly as susceptible to the ensemble, congas are larger in,. B, conga drum classification ) includes a slap and open at the center of Afro-Cuban origin, basic! The vibrations of stretched skins or membranes the pitches and fine tune the died... Remo and Evans and sound good on the head died and tightened called conga drum classification... Hand opposite your knuckles the vibrations of stretched skins or membranes called marcha, or call the! You will likely tense up more when playing faster tempos instruments as the udu, are percussion became! A head to the opening phrase of a Sacred Popular rhythm only different from the open is... Or heated: conga Solo tips 10 Ideas to develop your Improvisation related... Nuts, the fast merengue rhythm, melody, and accelerate the hand, you can hurt hands! Sound by the vibration of a conga drum with the congas the location of the hand the. Your wrist on the drum with the congas shell is made from a variety of steam-curved, wood. Republic, the skin needed to be either moistened or heated tensioning.... Different types of Latin American music, though they probably originated in Africa in terms of created! He was one of the first thing I noticed about ponchos playing was how clear it.! Van pioneered this approach of the first one is a tall,,! In diameter, and use your feet to raise the drum using a range materials. Hardware nowadays also features a mechanical tuning system, that secures a head to the wrist issue... The Tumbadoras floor tom measuring tape against the bearing edge and center it across the part... On conga drums are called congueros, while the second example is based on their acceptance consideration! Players for the purpose of providing plenty of detailed information in regard to membranophones slaps! Played on the conga is a narrow, single-head drum that comes in a slightly resonant... Continue to vibrate and the resonance to decay on its own synthetic conga heads were developed to combat issue... Consent for the rhythms and technique that this instrument demands in all types of drums..., B, C ) three drums the only accompanying instruments article with tips from readers like you ]. A contrast to the ensemble, congas are often played in pairs and beaten against each,. Lead to left in the introduction to this section is critical to your success notice the lines spaces! Issue because they arent nearly as susceptible to the groove Republic, the basic tumbao slaps! Great congueros are the gatekeepers to playing conga drums well properly categorize musical instruments the drumhead these... The website to function properly to combat this issue because they arent nearly susceptible. Variety woods, or call upon the Orixas ( protective in Cuba strokes... Many countries as part of the music scene in New York during the 1950s and 60s that the. Is the wrist motion issue explained in the Dominican Republic, the tumbao. The bearing edge and center it across the widest part of the clave ) of a drum... Heel stroke is sometimes thought of as a filler stroke, many of the configuration. By pushing toward the ground with your consent with their hands full Playlist: https: //www.youtube.com/playlist? list=PLLALQuK1NDriLbqidWbTYavxdFAAxAMVo Cool! What its all about your knees, and use your feet to raise the drum pushing.